As we grow older, our immune system changes and becomes less effective at fighting infections. This is linked to a decrease in the production of new immune cells. Changes also occur within the cells themselves, such as problems with energy supply and accelerated cellular ageing. As a result, the body's defence mechanisms function less well.
At the same time, the immune system more frequently becomes overactive and causes inflammation. These elevated inflammatory responses are usually unhelpful and can actually cause more damage to the body. As a result, it becomes easier for viral and bacterial infections to overcome the body. Furthermore, inflammatory responses caused by infections can become dangerously severe, especially in vulnerable elderly people.
This combination of a weakened yet overactive immune system makes older people extra vulnerable to things like flu and respiratory infections. The older population is growing worldwide, making this problem increasingly significant. Researching these processes helps us better understand how to age without losing our immunity.
A strong immune system is therefore important for healthy ageing, precisely to continue fighting infections effectively and preventing complications.
Source: Reason
