As we age, senescent cells accumulate in our bodies. These are cells that lose their normal function and release harmful substances. These substances trigger an inflammatory response that we call the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Long-term inflammation disrupts tissue function and contributes to age-related diseases.
Researchers have now discovered how these senescent cells trigger a specific inflammatory mechanism. This happens via a system in the cell that responds to DNA in the wrong places. Normally, DNA is located in the nucleus of the cell, but in senescent cells, unusual DNA structures, so-called R-loops, end up in the cytoplasm. This initiates an inflammatory response via a pathway called cGAS-STING.
This new insight helps to better understand why inflammation arises in older people and how it is intensified. It could be a step towards more targeted inhibition of inflammation caused by senescent cells. By controlling this process, we may be able to limit long-term damage to tissues.
Inflammation plays a major role in healthy ageing. Such breakthroughs could lead to the development of future treatments that reduce age-related complaints.
Source: Reason
