As we grow older, senescent cells accumulate in our bodies, including in the brain. These are cells that have stopped dividing, often after sustaining damage or reaching their maximum number of divisions. Although they no longer divide, they release substances that can stimulate inflammation and cell division in other cells. This can be harmful, especially since the immune system is less able to clear away these cells at a later age.
Researchers are now gaining a better understanding of how these senescent cells spread in the brain. They discovered that the signals emitted by these cells cause neighbouring healthy cells to also become senescent. This accelerates the process of cell death and inflammation, making it harder to stop. Importantly, different brain cell types respond differently to these signals, indicating that it is a complex process.
This new knowledge is essential for developing treatments that not only clear senescent cells, but can also limit their harmful communication. The aim is to reduce inflammation and prevent the further spread of senescence, without damaging healthy cells. This can help in preventing or delaying age-related brain disorders.
For healthy ageing, reducing the effects of senescent cells in the brain is a promising focus area. By understanding how these cells spread, we may eventually find better ways to keep our brains fit.
Source: Reason
