Scientists have been working for decades on ways to slow down or even reverse the ageing process. Important research in mice shows that deactivating the growth hormone receptor at a later age slightly slows down the ageing process. However, this effect is limited and less significant than when this receptor is deactivated from a young age. For humans, this approach seems to offer little promise, as similar conditions in humans do not lead to a significantly longer lifespan.
In addition, research has been conducted on hydras, tiny aquatic creatures that do not actually age in their natural environment. They are able to produce new body cells almost indefinitely thanks to an enzyme called telomerase. This enzyme extends the ends of chromosomes, allowing cells to divide longer without dying. The idea is that if we better understand how these processes work, this might help in developing new methods to combat aging in humans.
Another important topic is the accumulation of so-called ‘old’ or senescent cells in the body. These cells function less well and can cause inflammation, which contributes to age-related ailments. Researchers discovered that these cells produce a protein that helps them evade the immune system. By blocking this protein, the immune system could better clear away these harmful cells, which could potentially reduce age-related ailments.
Finally, attention is paid to neurological disorders such as dementia and Parkinson's, which are often linked to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the brain. Although research has been underway for decades, there has yet to be a breakthrough in effective treatments. Tackling these diseases remains a major challenge.
These research developments offer hope for a healthier old age as they provide greater insight into the biological processes behind ageing and could potentially open up new treatment options.
Source: Reason
